1. Purpose and Scope

Jurnal Bina Hukum Lingkungan is committed to keeping the scholarly record accurate and reliable. This policy explains when and how the Journal corrects, flags, or retracts a published article. It follows the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), including its retraction guidelines, and applies to all content published by the Journal.

2. Types of Post-Publication Notices

Type	When it is used
Erratum	An error introduced by the Journal during production (for example, typesetting, a missing reference, or a wrong author name or affiliation)
Corrigendum	An error made by the authors that affects the accuracy of the article but does not invalidate its main findings or conclusions (for example, an incorrect citation of a legal provision or a mistake in a table or figure)
Addendum	Additional information that the authors need to add to a published article, such as an omitted acknowledgment, funding statement, or conflict of interest disclosure
Expression of Concern	Serious concerns about an article have been raised, but an investigation is still ongoing or the evidence is not yet conclusive
Retraction	The article is unreliable or its publication is seriously flawed, so that it should no longer be relied upon

3. Grounds for Correction

The Journal will publish a correction when an error in a published article affects its accuracy, the interpretation of its sources, or the credit due to the authors. Corrections do not apply to:

• differences of scholarly opinion or legal interpretation, which are addressed through the Publication Discussion policy;
• changes in legislation, regulations, or court decisions that occurred after the article was published. An article reflects the state of the law at the time it was written, and later developments can be addressed in a letter to the editor or a new article.

4. Grounds for Retraction

The Journal may retract an article when:

• there is clear evidence of fabrication or falsification, including fabricated sources, statutes, or court decisions;
• there is clear evidence of plagiarism or of duplicate or redundant publication;
• there is a serious breach of the Authorship Criteria or the AI Policy;
• the research was conducted in a way that seriously breached ethical standards, such as research involving people or communities without proper consent;
• an undisclosed conflict of interest seriously undermines the validity of the work;
• the article contains major errors that invalidate its findings or conclusions;
• the article was published as a result of manipulation of the peer review process.

An expression of concern may be issued first if the Journal needs time to investigate or is awaiting a response from the authors or their institution.

5. Procedure

1. Report. Anyone may report a possible error or concern to the Editorial Board in writing, with supporting evidence. Authors who discover a significant error in their own work should notify the Journal promptly.
2. Assessment. The Editor-in-Chief assesses the report and decides whether it falls under this policy. Concerns about misconduct are handled under the Research Misconduct policy.
3. Response. The authors are informed of the concern and given a reasonable opportunity to respond in writing. The Journal may also consult independent experts and, where appropriate, the authors’ institution.
4. Decision. The Editorial Board decides which notice, if any, is appropriate, based on the evidence and the seriousness of the issue. AI detection and similarity reports are screening instruments only and are not the sole basis for a retraction.
5. Publication of the notice. The Journal publishes the notice promptly and informs the authors, and the complainant where appropriate.

Retraction requests made by the authors themselves are considered under the same procedure. If all authors request a retraction because of an honest error, the notice will say so. If the authors disagree among themselves, or an institution requests the retraction, the Editorial Board decides based on the evidence.

6. Form of the Notice

Every correction, expression of concern, or retraction is published as a separate, citable notice that:

• is linked to the original article, and the original article is linked back to the notice;
• states the title, authors, and DOI of the original article;
• explains clearly what was changed or why the article was retracted, and who initiated the action (the authors, the Editorial Board, or another party);
• is dated and, in the case of a retraction, is clearly labeled “Retracted” in the article’s metadata and on the article’s PDF.

7. Handling of the Original Article

• Corrections: the corrected version is published together with the correction notice, and the original version is kept in the Journal’s records.
• Retractions: the retracted article remains accessible, marked as retracted, so that the scholarly record stays transparent. The Journal will inform indexing services and repositories where the article is listed.
• Removal: an article is removed from public access only in exceptional circumstances, such as when it contains content that is defamatory, infringes the rights of others, violates a court order or a legal obligation, or creates a serious risk to health or safety. In such cases, a notice remains in place at the original location.

8. Principles

The Journal handles every case fairly, confidentially during the investigation, and promptly. Authors and complainants are treated with respect, and a correction or retraction is not a punishment in itself: its purpose is to protect the integrity of the scholarly record. Sanctions for misconduct are separate and are described in the Research Misconduct policy.