EKSISTENSI CITIZEN LAWSUIT DALAM UPAYA PENEGAKAN ATURAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI INDONESIA

Abstract

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini membahas konsep Citizen Lawsuit terhadap pelanggaran  aturan – aturan lingkungan hidup di Indonesia melalui tinjauan normatif dari dogmatik hukum. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian hukum normatif, yang artinya mengupayakan kaidah, prinsip, dan doktrin hukum untuk menyikapi permasalahan hukum yang sebenarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakanmetode statuta (pendekatan undang-undang) dalam analisisnya terhadap teks-teks hukum. Arti Kata "Gugatan" Citizen gugatan adalah alat yang dapat digunakan oleh anggota masyarakat umum dalam upaya melindungi diri mereka secara hukum dari akibat perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh pejabat pemerintah. Walaupun Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Perdata (HIR/RBg) tidak secara tegas mengatur jenis gugatan Citizen Lawsuit, penulis studi ini menemukan bahwa Hakim tetap menerima dan mengadilinya berdasarkan Undang-Undang Kekuasaan Kehakiman dan melalui terobosan hukum. Hal ini terjadi meskipun Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Perdata (HIR/RBg) tidak mengatur dengan jelas jenis gugatan Citizen Lawsuit. Namun pada kenyataannya, tidak semua perkara Citizen Lawsuit diterima oleh Hakim Pengadilan Negeri karena para hakim memiliki pendapat yang berbeda mengenai jenis gugatan tersebut. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya perbedaan pendapat mengenai bentuk gugatan ini. Oleh karena itu, penulis menyarankan agar proses Gugatan Citizen Lawsuit diakomodir ke dalam hukum acara Indonesia untuk mencapai tujuan mencapai kejelasan hukum dan memberikan perlindungan hukum yang adil bagi individu yang ingin mempertahankan hak konstitusionalnya.

Kata kunci: Citizen Lawsuit; Hukum Lingkungan; Actio Popularis; Kerusakan Lingkungan.

ABSTRACT

This study discusses the Citizen Lawsuit concept of violating environmental regulations in Indonesia through a normative review of legal dogmatics. This research is a normative legal study, which means seeking legal principles, principles and doctrines to address real legal issues. This study uses the statute method (law approach) in its analysis of legal texts. Meaning of the word "Lawsuit" Citizen lawsuit is a tool that can be used by members of the general public in an effort to legally protect themselves from the consequences of unlawful acts committed by government officials. Even though the Civil Procedure Code (HIR/RBg) does not explicitly regulate the types of Citizen Lawsuit lawsuits, the authors of this study found that Judges still accept and try them based on the Judicial Powers Act and through legal advances. This happened even though the Civil Procedure Code (HIR/RBg) does not clearly regulate the type of Citizen Lawsuit lawsuit. However, in reality, not all Citizen Lawsuit cases are accepted by District Court Judges because the judges have different opinions regarding the type of lawsuit. This is due to differences of opinion regarding the form of this lawsuit. Therefore, the authors suggest that the Citizen Lawsuit Lawsuit process be included in Indonesian procedural law to achieve the goal of achieving legal clarity and providing fair legal protection for individuals who wish to defend their constitutional rights.

Keywords: Citizen Lawsuit; Environmental law; Actio Popularis; Environmental damage.